For most people, a 1989 Lincoln Penny is just another coin in the change jar. But for collectors and numismatists, even the most common-looking coin can hold surprises. The 1989 Lincoln cent may not have the immediate fame of the 1909-S VDB or the 1943 steel penny, but under the right conditions, this modern coin could be worth far more than its face value.
In this post, we’ll take a deep look at the 1989 Lincoln Penny, covering its design, composition, mint varieties, values, errors, and what collectors look for. We’ll even include tips on selling valuable finds. Let’s dive in.
Lincoln Penny: A Legacy Since 1909
Before we break down the 1989 issue specifically, it’s worth understanding the legacy behind the Lincoln cent. First introduced in 1909 to honor Abraham Lincoln’s 100th birthday, it was the first U.S. coin to feature a real person’s portrait.
In 1989, the coin retained the same general design introduced in 1959 for Lincoln’s 150th birthday, which featured the Lincoln Memorial on the reverse.
1989 Lincoln Penny: Key Design Features
Obverse (Front)
- Portrait of Abraham Lincoln by Victor David Brenner.
- Inscriptions: “IN GOD WE TRUST,” “LIBERTY,” and the date “1989.”
- Mint mark under the date (if applicable).
Reverse (Back)
- Lincoln Memorial designed by Frank Gasparro.
- Tiny detail: Lincoln’s statue is visible between the columns.
- Inscriptions: “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,” “E PLURIBUS UNUM,” and “ONE CENT.”
Mint Locations and Production Volumes
The 1989 Lincoln Penny was produced at three locations:
| Mint Location | Mint Mark | Mintage Volume |
|---|---|---|
| Philadelphia | No mark | 7,261,535,000 |
| Denver | D | 5,345,467,111 |
| San Francisco | S | 3,220,194 (Proof only) |
In total, over 12.6 billion 1989 pennies were minted. This makes it a very common date—but certain errors and conditions elevate its value.
Composition and Physical Characteristics
By 1989, Lincoln cents were no longer made of mostly copper. Due to rising metal costs, the U.S. Mint had switched to a zinc core with a thin copper coating in 1982.
| Feature | Specification |
|---|---|
| Composition | 97.5% zinc, 2.5% copper plating |
| Diameter | 19.05 mm |
| Weight | 2.5 grams |
| Edge | Plain |
| Shape | Round |
How Much Is a 1989 Lincoln Penny Worth?
Most 1989 Lincoln pennies in circulation are only worth face value. However, if you come across one in mint condition, or better yet, with a rare error, the value can increase dramatically.
General Value Guide:
| Coin Type | Estimated Value |
|---|---|
| Circulated (common) | $0.01 – $0.10 |
| Uncirculated (MS60–MS65) | $0.10 – $1.00 |
| High Grade (MS66–MS68 RD) | $5 – $150+ |
| Proof 1989-S (PR65–PR69 DCAM) | $2 – $10 |
| Rare Errors or Double Dies | $50 – $500+ |
Note: Coins with full red (RD) luster and no signs of wear command the highest premiums among collectors.
What Makes a 1989 Penny Valuable?
1. High-Grade Uncirculated Coins
If your 1989 penny is brilliant red, has zero scratches, and still gleams as if freshly minted, it could grade MS66 or higher. These are rare and sought-after.
2. Proof Coins
Proof pennies from San Francisco (1989-S) were only sold in collector sets and never meant for circulation. These have a mirror-like background and frosted design.
3. Rare Error Coins
Errors are where things get interesting. Some 1989 pennies have quirks that increase their value significantly:
- Off-center strikes
- Double die obverse (DDO) – doubling on “LIBERTY” or “IN GOD WE TRUST”
- BIE error – a die break between the “B” and “E” in “LIBERTY” that looks like an “I”
- Clipped planchets
- Die cracks or cuds
- Wrong planchet errors (e.g., struck on a dime blank)
Notable 1989 Lincoln Penny Error Sales
| Error Type | Grade | Sale Price |
|---|---|---|
| Double Die Obverse | MS64 RD | $285 |
| Off-Center Strike (15%) | AU55 | $150 |
| Clipped Planchet | MS60 | $75 |
| BIE Error | XF | $25 – $50 |
| 1989-D on Dime Planchet | AU | $400+ |
These are exceptional cases, but they prove how valuable 1989 pennies can be under the right circumstances.
How to Identify Valuable 1989 Pennies
Use these tips to quickly assess your coin:
✅ Step 1: Look for Mint Luster
If it shines red like a brand-new coin, it may be uncirculated.
✅ Step 2: Check for Errors
Use a magnifying glass to look for:
- Doubling in the letters.
- Odd shapes or breaks in the rim.
- Off-center alignment.
✅ Step 3: Weigh the Coin
It should weigh 2.5 grams. If it’s significantly heavier or lighter, it might be struck on the wrong metal.
✅ Step 4: Confirm Mint Mark
Check for a “D” (Denver), “S” (San Francisco Proof), or no mark (Philadelphia).
FAQs About the 1989 Lincoln Penny
Q: Are 1989 pennies rare?
Not generally. Over 12 billion were made. But error coins, proofs, or high-grade specimens are much rarer.
Q: Is a 1989-D penny worth money?
Yes—especially if it’s in mint state or has an error. Common circulated ones are still just a cent.
Q: Can a 1989 penny be silver?
No. If it appears silver, it may have been plated as a novelty or struck on a dime planchet (error). Check the weight to be sure.
Q: What is a red Lincoln cent?
A “red” coin refers to its bright copper color. Coins that retain full red luster are worth more than brown or red-brown coins.
How to Sell a Valuable 1989 Penny
Found a rare or high-grade 1989 penny? Here’s how to sell it smartly:
🏆 Get It Graded:
- Use PCGS or NGC for professional authentication.
- Grading boosts credibility and value, especially for high-grade or error coins.
📸 Take Clear Photos:
- Show both sides.
- Use a neutral background and good lighting.
🛒 Where to Sell:
- eBay (set a reserve price if rare).
- Local coin shops.
- Coin shows.
- Online coin auction platforms.
⚠️ Watch Out for Scams:
- Avoid buyers who offer less than melt or demand shipping before payment.
- Use tracked and insured shipping.
Conclusion: Keep an Eye on Your Change
The 1989 Lincoln Penny might seem like just another cent—but in numismatics, details matter. With the right condition or a rare error, that humble copper coin could be worth far more than you’d expect. Whether you’re a casual collector or just coin curious, it’s worth checking your pocket change. Who knows? Your next penny might just be a hidden gem.
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